Lwów A Page of Polish History ebook

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wydawnictwo_test_logoTitle: „Lwów A Page of Polish History” ebook pdf
Author:     Stefan Mękarski
Translated from the Polish by Blanka Konopka
ISBN 897-7038-974-0b
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Wydawnictwo Test, Lublin 2016
Out of stock: buy an e-book pdf

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wydawnictwo_test_logoTitle: „Lwów A Page of Polish History” ebook pdf
Author:     Stefan Mękarski
Translated from the Polish by Blanka Konopka
ISBN 897-7038-974-0,
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Out of stock: buy an e-book pdf

Leopolis Lwów 1526 kolor 02
Illustration on the cover: View of Lviv in 1585, engraving from the work of J. Braun and A. Hogenberg, Civitas orbis terrarum

Published  by: Wydawnictwo TEST, Lublin 2016
Copyright © by Koło Lwowian. Londyn 2016
No of pages: 262

Typeseting and composition: Bernard Nowak

Correction: Katarzyna Jaworska, Sebastian Madej, Piotr B. Nowak
Proofreading of ilustrations by Ilona Jaszak
Index by Piotr B. Nowak

Choice of illustrations and captions: Ryszard M. Żółtaniecki
Printed by:  „Oprawa” 90-019 Łódź, ul. Dowborczyków 17
Main composition: Koło Lwowian, 240 King Street, London W6 0RF

Cover designed by Tadeusz Terlecki for the 3rd edition, 1982. Illustration on the cover: View of Lwów in 1585, engraving from the work of J. Braun and A. Hogenberg, Civitas orbis terrarum.

The photographs used in this publication are taken from the private archives of members of Koło Lwowian, or taken from public sources and are free from copyright restrictions.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE:

Nothing in the wartime life of Poland is more impressive than her undismayed production in the world of learning. Her own guests in bygone days may have felt that among her great universities two, Cracow and Vilnius, were endowed with peculiar charm, and that Lwów, a city greater than either, did not lag far behind. To foreigners, however, the Lion’s City,
though matchless as a keypoint between the Euxine and the Baltic, as a bulwark against eastern hordes, and as a focus of south Polish trade, has been less conspicuous than Warsaw and Cracow or Poznań. Twice honoured like Malta, adding to heroism in war, a tenacity which triumphed over twenty-four destructions by fire and over the long Austrian enslavement, for six centuries utterly Polish, Lwów can indeed boast a record unsurpassed in Europe.
This record is now surveyed by Dr Rudnicki [pre-name of Stefan Mękarski – Editor’s note] and translated into excellent English by Mr. B.W.A. Massey. The Author, a librarian in a city where the famous Ossolineum had assembled more than a million volumes, has produced a sketch which in lucidity and erudition leaves nothing to be desired.
Some readers, indeed, may compare him with the late Lord Acton, whom they were wont to charge with quoting countless writers whose verdicts were less weighty than his own.
The author’s conspicuous temperance, however, even in depicting the amazing Tsarist antics which the former worldwar staged at Lwów, heightens the effect of some of his8 Stefan Mękarski, Lwów. A Page of Polish History most vital paragraphs. Having shown how the citizens defeated the Austrian efforts at tu ning them into Germans, and how they gained higher education alike for Poles, Ukrainians and Jews, he declares that in 1914, „the Poles were dominant in every field of activity, drawing in all classes of citizens without distinction of nationality or faith, and giving the related Ruthenian (Ukrainian) population the chance to develop its powers to the full”. This is the rich kernel of the story.
After the Armistice, Lwów had not a few more struggles and trials to encounter. She won through, blossomed and framed plans for great deeds in many fields. September 1939 however, brought an interruption which Dr. Rudnicki does not investigate. May it prove as brief as the city’s great story bids us hope!
William Fiddian Reddaway
November 26th 1943.

On June 24, 2013, on the 8th anniversary of the reopening of the rebuilt Cemetery of the Defenders of Lviv, the figure of an eagle, which is a fragment of the former tombstone of Brigadier General of the Polish Army Bolesław Popowicz, returned to the necropolis.​

 

CONTENTS:

William Fiddian Reddaway, Introductory Note / 7
Stanisław Sławomir Nicieja, Preface / 9
Stefan Mękarski, Lwów. A Page of Polish History
Lwów in the Old Republic 1340-1772 / 15
Under Austrian Administration 1772-1867 / 57
Lwów and Galician Self-Government 1867-1918 / 92
In Free Poland 1918–1939 / 117
POSTSCRIPT:
Janusz Pierzchała, Politics and Polish Diplomacy in the Battltle for Lwów 1940-1945
From Beck to Sikorski / 157
The Origins of the Curzon Line / 180
Katyń – Gibraltar – Mikołajczyk / 184
Teheran, a secret betrayal / 186
The Warsaw Uprising and Mikołajczyk’s final defeat / 196
Yalta sets the Seal on treachery / 205
Lwów betrayed – Collaboration – Operation „Storm”, or victory by provocation / 208
„Wanda Lwowna” and Lwów – Communists and the Eastern Borderlands / 217
Epilogue – the Great Exodus / 220
Why did Stalin annexe Lwów at all costs? / 227
About the Authors / 233
Sources of Illustration and Maps / 240
Index / 245

MAP OF THE POLISH STATE UNDER THE REIGNS OF THE FIRST TWO KINGS OF THE PIAST DYNASTY,
MAP OF THE POLISH STATE UNDER THE REIGNS OF THE FIRST TWO KINGS OF THE PIAST DYNASTY,

 

Poland in the year 1025. The lands where Lwów was later founded, called Grody Czerwieńskie, inhabited by the Lendians tribe, were the subject of the Polish-Ruthenian rivalry on the border. Captured in 981 by the Kiev prince Włodzimierz Wielki, they were recovered by Bolesław the Brave (Kiev expedition) and from 1018 they belonged to Poland. Their lechic character is confirmed by the Ruthenian chronicler Nestor, who in the chronicle The novel of bygone years calls these areas Lachs’ strongholds. („Włodzimierz went to the Poles and seized their towns: Przemyśl, Czerwień and other towns…”). In 1031, the area came under the rule of the Rurykowiczs: „Jarosław and Mścisław gathered numerous warriors, went against the Lachs and occupied the Cherven Castles again, and ravaged the Lacka land, and brought a lot of Lachs and separated them”. At that time, to make it easier for the colonists from Ruthenia to administer the conquered territories, most of the Lendians were resettled to Kiev.
[After: F. Sielicki, The Oldest Chronicle of Kiev. The Novel of Bygone Years, Wrocław 2005]

leopolis_rycina
LEOPOLIS: View of Lviv in the 17th century, (plus ribbons with Latin – Baroque noodles! – subtitles). Author of the engraving: Jan Aleksander Gorczyn, from his work
„Crests of the Kingdom of Poland” (1653)

Hitoryczna mapa Lwowa
Historical map of Lviv

 

Photo gallery from Lwów City in 2013:

 

 

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